Efektivitas Yoga Prenatal terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan dan Self-Efficacy Persalinan pada Ibu Hamil Trimester III: Studi Kuasi-Eksperimental dengan Kelompok Kontrol
Keywords:
Yoga Prenatal, Kecemasan Antenatal, Self-Efficacy Persalinan, Ibu Hamil Trimester IIIAbstract
Kecemasan pada saat kehamilan merupakan masalah kesehatan mental yang umum terjadi dan bisa berdampak pada Ibu dan bayi. Self-efficacy pada persalinan berperan penting dalam kesiapan ibu menghadapi proses persalinan. Intervensi non-farmakologis seperti yoga prenatal berpotensi menurunkan kecemasan sekaligus meningkatkan self-efficacy. Menganalisis efektivitas yoga prenatal terhadap penurunan kecemasan dan peningkatan self-efficacy persalinan pada ibu hamil trimester III. Penelitian ini menerapkan rancangan kuasi eksperimental dengan pretest–posttest dan kelompok kontrol. Sampel berjumlah 104 ibu hamil trimester III (28–34 minggu), yang dibagi menjadi kelompok intervensi (n=52) dan kontrol (n=52). Kelompok intervensi mengikuti yoga prenatal selama 8 minggu (2 kali/minggu, 60 menit/sesi), sedangkan kelompok kontrol menerima edukasi antenatal standar. Kecemasan diukur menggunakan HADS-A/STAI dan self-efficacy menggunakan CBSEI. Analisis data menggunakan uji t, chi-square, dan ANCOVA. Terdapat penurunan signifikan tingkat kecemasan pada kelompok yoga dibandingkan kontrol (p<0,05) dengan ukuran efek besar (d=0,95). Self-efficacy persalinan meningkat signifikan pada kelompok intervensi (p<0,05; d=1,07). Perubahan yang terjadi juga memenuhi kriteria signifikansi klinis. Yoga prenatal efektif dalam menurunkan kecemasan dan meningkatkan self-efficacy persalinan pada ibu hamil trimester III. Intervensi ini dapat diintegrasikan dalam pelayanan antenatal sebagai pendekatan promotif kesehatan mental maternal
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