Transformasi Digital Government Berbasis Artificial Intelligence: Literature Review

Anna Asriniati Harahap

Authors

Anna Asriniati Harahap Universitas Islam Riau

Keywords:

Digital Government, Artificial Intelligence, Transformasi Digital, AI Governance, Human Oversight

Abstract

Transformasi digital pemerintahan berkembang dari digitalisasi pelayanan menuju perubahan tata kelola yang melibatkan teknologi, organisasi, manusia, regulasi, dan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan memetakan perkembangan dan arah kajian Digital Government, mengidentifikasi faktor dan mekanisme keberhasilan implementasi, serta merumuskan research gap dan agenda penelitian. Penelitian menggunakan Literature Review dengan sintesis tematik terhadap sembilan artikel jurnal internasional yang diperoleh melalui SCOPUS. Analisis dilakukan melalui ekstraksi konteks, objek, teknologi, perspektif tata kelola, metode, temuan, faktor efektivitas, dan keterbatasan, kemudian dikelompokkan ke dalam dimensi teknologi, organisasi, manusia, governance, dan masyarakat. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kajian semakin mencakup artificial intelligence, machine learning, smart city, responsible AI, digital trust, dan human oversight. Keberhasilan Digital Government tidak ditentukan oleh teknologi semata, tetapi oleh alignment technological capability, organizational capability, human capability, governance capability, dan citizen trust. Research gap utama meliputi fragmentasi konseptual, keterbatasan pemahaman mekanisme implementasi, dan belum optimalnya integrasi AI governance. Digital Government karena itu perlu dipahami sebagai transformasi sosio-teknis yang menghubungkan kemampuan teknologi, kapasitas organisasi, kompetensi manusia, tata kelola, dan kepercayaan masyarakat

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