Transformasi Digital Administrasi Desa Melalui Sistem Informasi Desa: Kajian Pustaka Tentang Faktor Pendukung Dan Penghambat

Moh Aidin

Authors

Moh Aidin Universitas Terbuka

Keywords:

Sistem Informasi Desa, Transformasi Digital, Administrasi Desa, Pelayanan Publik, Smart Village

Abstract

Transformasi digital dalam tata kelola pemerintahan desa menjadi kebutuhan yang tidak dapat dihindari di era digitalisasi. Sistem Informasi Desa (SID) hadir sebagai solusi teknologi untuk meningkatkan efektivitas dan efisiensi pelayanan publik kepada masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara komprehensif faktor-faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam implementasi SID sebagai instrumen transformasi digital administrasi desa di Indonesia. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan studi pustaka (library research) terhadap berbagai literatur yang diterbitkan dalam rentang waktu 2020-2024, meliputi artikel jurnal, buku, laporan penelitian, dan dokumen kebijakan pemerintah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi SID telah mencapai 45% dari total 74.961 desa di Indonesia, dengan peningkatan kepuasan masyarakat dari 65% menjadi 87%. Lima faktor pendukung utama implementasi SID meliputi kepemimpinan dan komitmen kepala desa (35%), dukungan kebijakan dan regulasi (25%), partisipasi masyarakat (20%), ketersediaan anggaran (12%), dan kolaborasi stakeholders (8%). Sementara faktor penghambat utama mencakup kesenjangan digital antar wilayah dengan 65% infrastruktur TIK terkonsentrasi di Jawa, 12.548 desa belum terjangkau internet berkecepatan tinggi, dan rendahnya literasi digital dengan skor rata-rata 3.8/7.0. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa keberhasilan implementasi SID sangat ditentukan oleh keselarasan antara aspek teknologi, kapasitas SDM, dan dukungan kelembagaan. Rekomendasi yang diusulkan meliputi penguatan infrastruktur digital, pengembangan kapasitas SDM, penguatan regulasi, peningkatan kolaborasi stakeholders, dan pengembangan sistem monitoring evaluasi yang komprehensif

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